Psychosocial factors and prevalence of burnout syndrome among nursing workers in intensive care units.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of burnout syndrome among nursing workers in intensive care units and establish associations with psychosocial factors. METHODS: This descriptive study evaluated 130 professionals, including nurses, nursing technicians, and nursing assistants, who performed their activities in intensive care and coronary care units in 2 large hospitals in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Data were collected in 2011 using a self-reported questionnaire. The Maslach Burnout Inventory was used to evaluate the burnout syndrome dimensions, and the Self Reporting Questionnaire was used to evaluate common mental disorders. RESULTS: The prevalence of burnout syndrome was 55.3% (n = 72). In the quadrants of the demand-control model, low-strain workers exhibited a prevalence of 64.5% of suspected cases of burnout, whereas high-strain workers exhibited a prevalence of 72.5% of suspected cases (p = 0.006). The prevalence of suspected cases of common mental disorders was 27.7%; of these, 80.6% were associated with burnout syndrome (< 0.0001). The multivariate analysis adjusted for gender, age, educational level, weekly work duration, income, and thoughts about work during free time indicated that the categories associated with intermediate stress levels - active work (OR = 0.26; 95%CI = 0.09 - 0.69) and passive work (OR = 0.22; 95%CI = 0.07 - 0.63) - were protective factors for burnout syndrome. CONCLUSION: Psychosocial factors were associated with the development of burnout syndrome in this group. These results underscore the need for the development of further studies aimed at intervention and the prevention of the syndrome.

Fatores psicossociais e prevalência da síndrome de burnout entre trabalhadores de enfermagem intensivistas / Psychosocial factors and prevalence of burnout syndrome among nursing workers in intensive care units

RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever a prevalência da síndrome de burnout entre trabalhadores de enfermagem de unidades de terapia intensiva, fazendo associação a aspectos psicossociais. Métodos: Estudo descritivo seccional realizado com 130 profissionais, enfermeiros, técnicos e auxiliares de enfermagem, que desempenhavam suas atividades em unidades de terapia intensiva e coronariana de dois hospitais de grande porte na cidade do Rio de Janeiro (RJ). Os dados foram coletados em 2011, por meio de questionário auto aplicado. Foi utilizado o Maslach Burnout Inventory, para a aferição das dimensões de burnout, e o Self Report Questionnaire, para avaliação de transtornos mentais comuns. Resultados: A prevalência de síndrome de burnout foi de 55,3% (n = 72). Quanto aos quadrantes do modelo demanda- controle, a baixa exigência apresentou 64,5% de casos prevalentes suspeitos e a alta exigência, 72,5% de casos (p = 0,006). Foi constatada a prevalência de 27,7% de casos suspeitos para transtornos mentais comuns; destes, 80,6% estavam associados à síndrome de burnout (< 0,0001). Após análise multivariada com modelo ajustado para sexo, idade, escolaridade, carga horária semanal, renda e pensamento no trabalho durante as folgas, foi constatado caráter protetor para síndrome de burnout nas dimensões intermediárias de estresse: trabalho ativo (OR = 0,26; IC95% = 0,09 - 0,69) e trabalho passivo (OR = 0,22; IC95% = 0,07 - 0,63). Conclusão: Contatou-se que os fatores psicossociais estavam envolvidos no surgimento de burnout no grupo estudado. Os resultados despertaram a necessidade de estudos para intervenção e posterior prevenção da síndrome. .

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of burnout syndrome among nursing workers in intensive care units and establish associations with psychosocial factors. Methods: This descriptive study evaluated 130 professionals, including nurses, nursing technicians, and nursing assistants, who performed their activities in intensive care and coronary care units in 2 large hospitals in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Data were collected in 2011 using a self-reported questionnaire. The Maslach Burnout Inventory was used to evaluate the burnout syndrome dimensions, and the Self Reporting Questionnaire was used to evaluate common mental disorders. Results: The prevalence of burnout syndrome was 55.3% (n = 72). In the quadrants of the demand-control model, low-strain workers exhibited a prevalence of 64.5% of suspected cases of burnout, whereas high-strain workers exhibited a prevalence of 72.5% of suspected cases (p = 0.006). The prevalence of suspected cases of common mental disorders was 27.7%; of these, 80.6% were associated with burnout syndrome (< 0.0001). The multivariate analysis adjusted for gender, age, educational level, weekly work duration, income, and thoughts about work during free time indicated that the categories associated with intermediate stress levels - active work (OR = 0.26; 95%CI = 0.09 - 0.69) and passive work (OR = 0.22; 95%CI = 0.07 - 0.63) - were protective factors for burnout syndrome. Conclusion: Psychosocial factors were associated with the development of burnout syndrome in this group. These results underscore the need for the development of further studies aimed at intervention and the prevention of the syndrome. .